Gas-burner.



No. 726,910. A l I PATBNTED MAY 5, 19oa.

AA. E. HAMEL. GAS BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 9, 1902.

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No. 726,910. PATENTED MAY 5, 1903.

A'. E. HARTBL.

GAS BURNER.

APPLIoATIoN FILED un e. 1902. .No MODEL. 2 SHEETS-slum 2.

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NITED STATES Patented May 5, 1903.

`Prf'rENT OFFICE.

ALBERT E. HARTEL, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY

MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE I-IARTEL LIGHT COMPANY, A CORPORA- TION OF DELAWARE.

4GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION formngpart of Letters Patent No. 726,910, dated May 5, 1903. Application tied May 9, 1902. serial No. 106,589. (Nt model.)

To all whom it may concern.' l

Be it known that I, ALBERT E. HARTEL, a resident of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and eX- act description of the invention,such as Will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in gas-burners, and more particularly to gasburning lamps, the object of the invention being to provide an improved lamp in which gas and air under pressure can be mixed, heated, and burned upon incandescent mantles,the products of combustion being utilized to heat the chamber in which the gas and air are mixed.

A further object is to provide an improved preheating-chamber into which gas is injected by air under greater pressure than the gas and provide means for insuring at all times an even pressure of air, and consequently an even pressure of the mixture.

A further object is to provide a lamp with an improved preheating-chamber in which gas and air under pressure are heated by the otherwise waste products of combustion and so construct the lamp as to compel the products of combustion to envelop the preheatingchamber.

With these objects in view the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts, as will be more fully hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in section illustrating-a lamp embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged view in section of the injector. Fig. 3 is an enlarged View in section illustratingl a regulator 28, and Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic View of the complete apparatus.

1 represents an approximately cylindrical lamp-casing, ornamented in any desired manner and iiared at its lower end, as shown at 2, and partially closed by a cap or top 3 at its upper end, said cap so spaced from the casing as to permit a free outlet of currents through the lamp. Through the top 3 of this casing a gas-supply pipe 4 projects and is connected therewith by a suitable ring and thumb-screw 5 to support the top on the pipe, and the lower end ol' this gas-pipe 4 is externally screw-threaded and screwed into the top of a spherical injector-chamber 6,'which latter is provided at one side with a down-- wardly-curved spout 7, screwed into the top of my improved inverted conical preheatingchamber 8 and preferably discharging therein to one side of its center, as clearly shown in` Fig. 1. A main burner-tube 9 is screwed into the contracted lower end of preheatinglchamber 8 and is screwed at its lower end into a casting forming branch pipes 10, carrying burners 11, (preferably Bunsen burners,) on which are mounted incandescent mantles 12. Into the bottom of this casting 10 a short Vertical pipe or rod 12a is Screwed and is adapted to support an' inverted conical perforated globe-holder 13, secured on tube 12a by a set-screw 14 and supporting a globe. 15, the upper end of the globe inclosed iu the flared lower end 2 of casing 1, but not tight thereagainst, a sutcient space being left between casing and globe to permit a free entrance of air at this point, as will be hereinafter explained.

In casing 1 and surrounding preheatingchamber 8 a sleeve 16 is located and dared at its lower end to compel the hot products of combustion from the burners to entirely envelop the preheatingchamber in escaping from the lamp, and thereby intensely heat said chamber. This sleeve 16 projects down beyond the juncture of the globe and casing, so as to direct the air entering at this point around the outside of the sleeve and create a suction through the sleeve to insure the passage therethrough of the products of combustion, and this'separation'of4 the globe and casing and the free entrance of cold air through the globe-holder 13 serves to maintain the globe cool and prevent its breaking due to the heat of the burners. f f

To support the preheating-chamber 8 l in proper position in the casing and sleeveand maintain the proper relative positions of the latter, screws or bolts `17 project through the 6ol i IOO casing and sleeve and into or against the preheating-chamber, as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

A Valve 18, having long arms 19 for the attachment of cords or chains to permit the easy operation of said valve, is located in gaspipe 4 above the lamp-casing and is adapted t'o govern the supply of gas to the lamp. This gas-pipe may be connected with the gas-main and the gas be under the usual main-pressure or may be connected with a gas-generator and a suitable pressureregulator provided for regulating the pressure ot gas., A pilot-tube 2O connects with gas-pipe 4 above valve 18 and projects through the top 3 and down into the lamp-casing, where it terminates in a pilot-light 21 above the mantles 12, and as this pilot is intended to burn at all times it serves to light the burners whenever gas is turned ou.

An `air supply pipe 22 extends down through the t-op 3 and is provided at its lower end with an injector-nozzle 23, projecting into injector-chamber 6 and partially through the latter across the gas-inlet and located to discharge into the spout 7. This air-pipe 22 preferably communicates with an air-reservoir 24 and the latter supplied with air by a motor 25 of any desired construction, and a suitable cock 26 is located in air-pipe 22 to shut oil partially or entirely the supply of air.

Between this cock 26 and the injectorchamber 6, and preferably, though not essentially, located as shown, an air-pressure governor 27, of any well-known construction,

is provided and adapted to maintain the airpressure always uniform, which is essential to insure the steady burning of the lamp. The air is supplied to the injector at a pressure somewhat in excess of the gaspressure. The exact difference in pressure may be varied by adjusting governor 27 to secure the best proportion of gas and air and the highest point of incandescence at the burners. By providing this injector, by means of which air under greater pressure than gas can inject the gas into the preheating-chamber, and thus permit these two gases of different pressure to be heated in chamber S in athoroughly-mixed condition and under pressure, alight of great brilliancy is secured,and to govern the supply of the mixture to the burners and prevent a diminution of pressure in the preheating-chamber I provide regulators 28, located at the connection of burners 11 with branch pipes 10. Each regulator consists of an externally and internally screw-threaded hollow plug 29, screwed onto branch pipe ll and made at its upper end into a contracted cylinder 30, having openings 3l in its side walls for the escape of the preheated mixture, and the upper end of this cylinder 30 is beveled or made conical, forming aneedlevalve, to enter a contracted opening in an internally-threaded cap 32, screwedonto plug 2), and made with a milled ange 33 to facilitate the adjustment of this cap up and down, and hence the supply of heated mixture to the burner. A jam-ring 34 is preferably provided on plug 29 to lock the cap in any position to which it may be adjusted.

The operation of Vmy improvements is as follows: The valve 1S is turned to admit gas, which passes down through chamber 8 and tube 5) to the burners and is ignited by the pilot-light, which is preferably burning at all times. The pilot-light is preferably 1ocated so as to impart a certain amount of Vheat to the chamber and prevent its being thoroughly chilled. Air may now be turned on, it being supplied at even pressure (due to governor 27) and in excess of the gas-pressure. The discharge of the air into the injector-chamber 6 and directly into the gas therein serves to draw the gas with it through spout 7 into preheating-chamber 8, where the gas and air are thoroughly mixed and highly heated and passed with undiminished pressure to the burners, the regulators 2S preventing any diminution of pressure and regulating the supply of mixture to the burners. The hot products of combustion from the burners is directed up through sleeve 16 to compel the thorough enveloping of `the chamber by the hot products to heat the same to a high degree and insure the thorough heating of the mixture.

While I have shown and described what I believe to be a preferred form of my invention, still many slight changes might be made in the structure and arrangement of parts without departing from my invention. For instance, the particular shape ofthe preheating-chamber is not essential, and it might, in fact, constitute a coil or coils of pipe, and a great many other changes might be made in the details of construction, and hence I do not wish to be limited to the precise construetion set forth, but consider myself at liberty to make such slight changes and alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of` my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a light-producing apparatus, the combination of a preheating-chamber in which a mixture of gas and air is preheated, an injector receiving and mixing and injecting gas and air in a mixed state into said preheatingchamber, a burner so arranged that it produces light bycombustion thereat of said intermixed gas and air and also heats by the heat of its products of combustion said preheating chamber, and a pipe connecting said preheating-chamber and said burner and which conveys mixed and preheated gas and air from said preheating chamber to said burner.

2. In a light-producing apparatus, the combination of a preheating-chamber, an injector-chamber communicating with said preheating-chamber and supplied with gas under pressure, an air-supply pipe projecting into said injector-chamber and through which air IIO under greater pressure than that of the said gas is discharged and' there acts to inject mixed gas and air into said preheating-chamber, a burner so arranged'that it produces light by combustion thereat of said inter-y than that of the gas in the gas-supplying means, a burner so arranged that it produces light by combustion thereat of said gas and air and also heats by the heat of its products of combustion said preheating-chamber, and a pipe connecting said preheating-chamber and said burner.

4. In a light-producing apparatus, the combination ot' a preheating-chambeigran injector-chamber communicating with said preheating-chamber, a pipe Which supplies gas under pressure to said injector-chamber, a

f pipe which supplies air to said injectorcham ber under pressure in excess of that of said gas, a burner so arranged that it produces light by combustion thereat of said gas and air and also heats by the heat ofits products of combustion said preheating-chamber, and a pipe connecting said preheating-chamber and said burner.

5. In a light-producing apparatus, the combination of a preheating-chamber, a mixinginjector which receives separately and mixes and injects gas and air under pressure and in a mixed state into said preheating-chamber, a burner-tube connecting with said preheating-chamber, a burner on said burnertube so arranged that it produces light by combustion thereat of said intermingled gas and air and also heats by the heat of its products of combustion said preheating-chamber and its gaseous contents, and a regulator in said burner-tube which governs the rate of flow of said preheated gas and air mixture to said burner.

6. In a light-producing apparatus, the combination of pipes that supply gas and air under pressure, a preheating-chamber, a mixingf injector which receives and mixes and in jects said gas and air in a mixed state into said preheating-chamber, a main burner, a burner-tube connecting said main burner and said preheating-chamber and which conveys said intermixed gas and air from said preheating-chamber to said burner, and with said preheating-chamber located in the zone of heat caused by the products of combustion of said gaseousl mixture at said burner.

7. In a light-producing apparatus, the combination of a preheating-chamber, an injector-chamber communicating With the preheating-chamber and to which gas is supplied under pressure, an air-supply pipe projecting into the injector and through which air under greater pressure than the gas is discharged to inject the gas into the preheating-chamber, a burner to heat the preheating-chamber, and a pipe connecting said burner and preheating-chamber.

8. In a light-producing apparatus, the coinbination of a preheating-chamber, a spherical injector-` chamber, a spout connecting said chambers, a pipe for supplying gas to the top of said injector-chamber, a pipe for air under pressure in excess of the gas-pressure, a-

nozzle on said air-pipe projecting .into one side of the injector-chamber opposite to the spout, a burner arranged to heat the preheating-chamber and a pipe connectingthe preheating-chamber and burner.

9. In a lamp,the combination with a cas ing and a sleeve therein through which the products of combustion escape, of a preheating-chamber centrally located in said sleeve, means for supplying gasfand air under pressure to said chamber, and a burner connected with and adapted to heat said preheatingchamber.

In testimony whereof .I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscrib# ing Witnesses.

ALBERT E. HARTEL.

Witnesses:

JosEPH C. MURPHEY, PERoY MOYER. 

